Validated thin-layer chromatography-densitometric method for simultaneous determination of piperine and plumbagin in “Benjakul” Thai Polyherbal formulation and its antioxidant activities

Savita Chewchinda, Pattamapan Lomarat, Pongtip Sithisarn

Abstract


The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activity and quantitative analysis of piperine and plumbagin content in “Benjukul (BEN)” Thai polyherbal formulation by TLC densitometric method. BEN was recognized in the list of herbal medicinal products of national list of essential medicine of Thailand as carminative and adaptogenic drug. The formula consists of root of Plumbago indica Linn., root of Piper sarmentosum Roxb., stem of Piper interruptum Opiz., fruit of Piper longum Linn. and rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe in equal proportion. TLC densitometric method was validated and developed for the simultaneous determination of piperine and plumbagin in BEN product. The proposed TLC-densitometric method showed acceptable validation parameters. It was found that the content of piperine and plumbagin in in-house preparation and 4 commercial products of BEN were in the ranges of 0.98 ± 0.0007 - 1.71 ± 0.0011% w/w and not detected - 0.61 ± 0.0009% w/w, respectively. Total phenolic content of BEN were in the range of 5.8 ± 0.4 - 45.4 ± 1.3 g gallic acid equivalent/ 100 g extract. For DPPH scavenging activity, the EC50 values were in the range of 59.1 ± 8.5 - 478.0 ± 13.7 µg/ml. While ABTS radical-scavenging activities, the results were in the range of 22.0 ± 1.2 - 90.3 ± 3.8 mg TEAC/ g extract. BEN exhibited potent antioxidant activity which may relate to the content of piperine and plumbagin. Moreover, this proposed TLC densitometric method is rapid, reliable, sensitive and economical for routine analysis of piperine and plumbagin content in BEN raw materials and its commercial products.


Full Text:

45-50;PDF

References


References

National Drug Committee, List of Herbal Medicinal Products A.D. 2006, The Agricultural Co-Operative Federation of Thailand Limited Printing, Bangkok, 2006.

Govindarajan R, Vijayakumar M, Pushpangadan P. Antioxidant approach to disease management and the role of ‘Rasayana’ herbs of Ayurveda J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 99: 165-178.

Itharat A, Singchangchai P, Ratanasuwan P. Research Report of Prince Songkhla University, Songkhla, Thailand, 1998.

Ruangnoo S, Itharat A, Sakpakdeejaroen I, et al. In vitro cytotoxic activity of Benjakul herbal preparation and its active compounds against human lung, cervical and liver cancer cells. J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 2012; 95: S127-S134.

Burodom A, Arunporn I. Inflammatory suppressive effect of Benjakul, a Thai traditional medicine on intestinal epithelial cell line. J. Med. Plants Res. 2013; 7: 3286-3291.

Kondo S, Sattaponpan C, Phongpaichit S, et al. Antibacterial activity of Thai medicinal plants Pikutbenjakul. J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 2010; 93: S131-135.

Kumar S, Kamboj J, Sharma S. Overview for various aspects of the health benefits of Piper Longum Linn. Fruit. J. Acupunct. Meridian. Stud. 2011; 4: 134–140.

Lai LH, Fu QH, Liu Y, et al. Piperine suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 2012;33:523–530.

Premalatha B, Rajgopal G. Cancer—an ayurvedic perspective. Pharmacol. Res. 2005; 51: 19-30.

Binil E, Vicente N, Latha MS. Evaluation of phytochemical constituents and In vitro antioxidant activities of Plumbago indica root extracts. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 2013; 2: 157-161.

Itharat A, Sakpakdeejaroen I. Determination of cytotoxic compounds of Thai traditional medicine called Benjakul using HPLC J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 2010; 93: S198-S203.

Jumpa-ngern P. Kiettinun S, Sakpakdeejaroen I, et al. An alternative high performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of piperine in serum: Application to pharmacokinetic studies. Tham. Med. J. 2013; 13: 159-167.

Ankita PJ, Purnima DH, Abhijeet NP, et al. Quantification and isolation of plumbagin (Plumbago zeylanica Linn.) by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography. J. Planar. Chromat. 2014; 27: 181-185.

Gupta V, Jain UK. Quantitative analysis of piperine in ayurvedic formulation by UV

SpectrophotometryInt. J. Pharm. Sci. Res. 2011; 2: 58-61.

Pothitirat W, Chomnawang MT, Supabphol R, et al. Comparison of bioactive compounds content, free radical scavenging and anti-acne inducing bacteria activities of extracts from the mangosteen fruit rind at two stages of maturity. Fitoterapia. 2009; 80: 442–447.

Mayur B, Sancheti S, Seo SY. J. Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties of Carpesium abrotanoides L. J. Med. Plants Res. 2010; 4: 1547-1533.

ICH steering Committee, ICH Q2(R1) Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology, Geneva, 2005.

Suthanurak M, Sakpakdeejaroen I, Rattarom R, et al. Formulation and stability test of Benjakul extract tablets: a preliminary study. Thai Pharmacol. 2010; 32: 160- 163.

Kumar S, Gautam S, Sharma A. Antimutagenic and antioxidant properties of plumbagin and other naphthoquinones. Mutat. Res. 2013; 755: 30–41.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.