Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of asum gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) fruits from Southern Thailand (TJPS-2021-0184.R3)

Abstract

Objective: The present study investigated the antibacterial activities of asam gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) fruit extracts against two gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli (gi: CP033762.1), and Salmonella enterica (gi: KX355299.1)). Methods: The powder form of G. atroviridis fresh fruit was extracted with 95% ethanol (2:4 L) (w/v). The mixtures were filtered and evaporated using a rotary evaporator at 50–55°C. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure hydroxycitric acid (HCA) in the extract. The antibacterial assay was determined by disc diffusion method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: HPLC analysis measured approximately 495.01 ± 2.13 mg/g (49.50%) of HCA in the crude extract. The antibacterial analysis revealed that the highest concentration (200,000 µg/ml) of ethanol extracts inhibited the growth of both bacteria, with the diameters of inhibition zones of E. coli and S. enterica being 33.11 and 31.58 millimeter, respectively. The MIC value effective against both E. coli and S. enterica was 12,500 µg/ml. The MBC value which completely killed both bacteria was 25,000 µg/ml. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the G. atroviridis extract shows antibacterial property against E. coli and S. enterica.