Screening of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of ethyl acetate extracts from wild edible mushrooms

Sukanya Jiamworanunkul, Porntep Chomcheon

Abstract


The objective of the current work was undertaken to evaluate in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties, together with total phenolic contents of ethyl acetate extracts from wild edible mushrooms collected in September 2017 from the rehabilitated forest area in the northeast of Thailand. All the wild edible mushrooms collected could be classified into 6 families and 13 species namely Macrolepiota rhacodes, Heimiella japonica, Boletus persoonii, Mycoamaranthus cambodgensis, Cantharellus cibarius, Amanita princeps, Amanita hemibapha, Russula cyanoxantha, Russula eburneureolata, Russula virescens, Russula emetica, Russula violeipes, and Termitomyces clypeatus. To our best knowledge, there have been no previous reports on the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the two mushrooms, B. persoonii and H. japonica. For antibacterial analysis, the minimum inhibitory concentration values of the ethyl acetate extracts towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were in the ranges of 1.25 - 10 and 0.63 - 10 mg/ml, respectively. The best MIC values for E. coli and S. aureus (1.25 and 0.63 mg/ml) were obtained in the extract of B. persoonii followed by M. cambodgensis (2.5 and 1.25 mg/ml). Determination of antifungal activity indicated that among all the 13 ethyl acetate extracts, 5 extracts (38.46%) displayed antifungal effect at the concentration of 50 µg/ml on Candida albicans. In antioxidant activity study, the ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the percentage of DPPH inhibition ranging from 9.95 ± 0.64 to 87.62 ± 0.15 and their total phenolic contents were between 3.83 ± 0.09 and 192.33 ± 0.23 mg GAE/g extract. The extract of B. persoonii showed the highest antioxidant capacity with average percent inhibition of 87.62% followed by M. cambodgensis (79.11%) whose activities were higher than the standard ascorbic acid (75.16%). In addition, M. cambodgensis contained the highest average content of phenols at 192.33 mg GAE/g extract. The results of this study clearly suggested that the wild edible mushrooms, B. persoonii and M. cambodgensis could be potent sources of natural antimicrobials and antioxidants that might be used for medicinal applications in the prevention or treatment of various diseases.


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