Characterization and Potention Phytoestrogen of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L. Mill sp.) on Rat Ovary

Cicilia Primiani, Pujiati Pujiati, Sutiman Sumitro

Abstract


Objectives: The objective of this study to analyze the estrogenic compounds in pigeon pea seeds and the effect of the plant seeds on the development of rat ovaries. Materials and method: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) and gas chromatography-MS analysis. Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided to three groups and administered a solution of Cajanus cajan, there are the control group (P0), given a extract 24 g:24 ml ratio (P2) and 8 g:24 ml ratio (P3). The C. cajan solution was administered for 36 days. On day 37 all the rats were dissected, and the ovary and liver organs were examined. Results: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis showed that C. cajan seeds contain several phytoestrogens. Gas chromatography-MS analysis showed that C. cajan seeds contain up to 7.91945 µg/kg of 17β-estradiol. The observations showed a normal liver tissue structure, and the lobules of the hepatic sinusoids appeared clean and there is no necrosis was identified. The ovarian tissue structure of rats in the P0 treatment group appeared normal. Some germinal follicular developments were noticed in ovarian tissue of P2 and P3 treatment groups. Conclusion: C. cajan shows potential as a natural estrogenic substance that is effective, efficient and safe for use in human hormone replacement therapy.


Full Text:

57-62;PDF

References


Urasopon, N, Hamada Y, Asaoka K, et al. Pueraria mirifica, a phytoestrogen-rich herb, prevents bone loss in orchidectomized rats. Maturitas 2007;56:322-331.

Ye MH, Zhou B, Liu ZH, et al. Studies on the protective effects of pollen-originated phytoestrogens on the growth and development of ovary in rats. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 2012;6:3732-3741.

Nurrochmad A, Leviana F, Wulancarsari CG, et al. Phytoestrogens of Pachyrhizus erosus prevent bone loss in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. International Journal of Phytomedicine 2010;2.

Primiani CN. The Phytoestrogenic Potential of Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) on ovarian and uterine tissue structure of premenopausal mice. Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry 2015;4:5-9.

Primiani CN, Lestari U, Amin M, et al. Comparative study of effects daidzein contained in yam tuber Pachyrhizus erosus and pure daidzein&58; the dynamics of chemical compounds and its potential in myometrium. Journal of Biological Researches 2014;18:1-7.

Yoo HH, Kim T, Ahn S, et al. Evaluation of the estrogenic activity of Leguminosae plants. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2010;28:538-540.

Calixto JB. Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents). Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2000;33:179-189.

Sarkar R, Hazra B Mandal N. Anti-oxidative protection against iron overload-induced liver damage in mice by Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. leaf extract. Indian J Exp Biol 2013;51:165-173.

Mazur W, Adlercreutz H. Naturally occurring oestrogens in food. Pure and applied chemistry 1998;70:1759-1776.

Olatunji-Bello II, Obijeih TA, Mojiminiyi FBO. Tocolytic effect of Cajanus cajan (in-vitro studies using the rat uterus). Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;10:279 -281.

Olayaki LA, Olatunji-Bello I, Soladoye AO, et al. Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Cajanus cajan on litter size and serum progesterone in pregnant rats. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy 2009;1:021-024.

Konar N, Poyrazoğlu ES, Demir K, et al. Determination of conjugated and free isoflavones in some legumes by LC–MS/MS. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2012;25:173-178.

Konar N, Poyrazoglu ES, Demir K, et al. Effect of different sample preparation methods on isoflavone, lignan, coumestan and flavonoid contents of various vegetables determined by triple quadrupole LC–MS/MS. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2012;26:26 -35.

Hanganu D, Vlase L, Olah N. LC/MS analysis of isoflavones from Fabaceae species extracts. Farmacia 2010;58:177-183.

Cui L, Zhou QF, Liao CY, et al. Studies on the toxicological effects of PFOA and PFOS on rats using histological observation and chemical analysis. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2009;56:338.

Nilsson S, Makela S, Treuter E, et al. Mechanisms of estrogen action. Physiological reviews 2001;81:1535-1565.

Pilsakova L, Riecansky I, Jagla F. The physiological actions of isoflavone phytoestrogens. Physiological Research 2010;59:651.

Janeczko A, Skoczowski A. Mammalian sex hormones in plants. Folia Histochemica et cytobiologica 2005;43:71-79.

Adams NR. Detection of the effects of phytoestrogens on sheep and cattle. Journal of animal science 1995;73:1509-1515.

Sosvorova L, Lankova P, Bucikova M, et al. ELISA for free S-equol in human urine. Czech Journal of Food Sciences 2011;29:57-64.

He FJ, Chen JQ. Consumption of soybean, soy foods, soy isoflavones and breast cancer incidence: differences between Chinese women and women in Western countries and possible mechanisms. Food Science and Human Wellness 2013;2:146-161.

Kim SH, Park MJ. Effects of phytoestrogen on sexual development. Korean journal of pediatrics 2012;55:265-271.

Sirotkin AV, Harrath AH. Phytoestrogens and their effects. European journal of pharmacology 2014;741:230-236.

Setchell KD. Phytoestrogens: the biochemistry, physiology, and implications for human health of soy isoflavones. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1998;68:1333S-1346S.

Qiao X, Ye M, Xiang C, et al. Analytical strategy to reveal the in vivo process of multi-component herbal medicine: a pharmacokinetic study of licorice using liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 2012;1258:84-93.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.